The heads of the three prominent branches of Shanghai's "Green Gang." This shadowy underworld organization was tremendously powerful both before and during Japan's occupation. The Green Gang was a major support in Jiang's bids to stay in power and weaken his rivals. For its part in supporting Jiang, the Green Gang naturally expected favorable "business" conditions. The usual things--drugs, gambling, prostitution, war-related smuggling--were the economic mainstays of this group.

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